Chitinase, Serratia marcescens (EC 3.2.1.14) has partial lysozyme activity and is widely found in bacteria, fungi, animals and some plants. Chitinase belongs to the glycosyl hydrolase family. Chitinase catalyzes chito-oligosaccharide hydrolysis. Chitinases also can serve as prognostic biomarkers of disease progression. Chitinase can be used in the research of pathogenesis of various human fibrotic and inflammatory disorders, particularly those of the lung (idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, sarcoidosis, and asthma) and the gastrointestinal tract (inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) and colon cancer).

Tubeimoside II(Tubeimoside-B) is a natural analogue of oleanane type of triterpenoid saponin; show anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and antitumor-promoting effects.

Phloretin is a well-known inhibitor of eukaryotic urea transporters, blocks VacA-mediated urea and ion transport.